Category:Derivatization
From LEAP
Derivatization
Derivatization, prior to chromatographic analysis, can be used for a number of reasons in sample preparation.
When do you use derivatization? When you need to:
- Increase or decrease the volatility of the analytes to improve separation
- Improve peak symmetry by reducing interaction of sample and column
- Increase detector response (i.e., ECD)
- Enhance thermal stability
Gas chromatography is used to separate volatile organic compounds. By modifying the functionality of a molecule to increase or sometimes decrease – volatility, derivatizing reagents enable chromatographers to analyze compounds that otherwise are not readily monitored by GC. Derivatization also reduces analyte adsorption in the GC system and improves detector response, peak separations, and peak symmetry.
Derivatives are used for the following reasons: • to improve resolution and reduce tailing of polar compounds (–OH, –COOH, =NH, –NH2, –SH, and other functional groups) • to analyze relatively nonvolatile compounds • to improve analytical efficiency and increase detectability • to improve stability of compounds
The choice of a derivatizing reagent is based on the functional group requiring derivatization, the presence of other functional groups in the molecule, and the reason for performing the derivatization. The chemical structure and properties of the molecule influence the reagent choice. In choosing a suitable derivatization reagent, certain criteria must be used as guidelines.
What are the requirements for a good reagent? It will:
- Not cause any rearrangements or structural changes in the analyte
- Produce a reaction that is 95–100% complete
- Produce a stable derivative
- Not contribute to loss of sample during the reaction
- Produce a derivative that is inert to the column and connections
- Not produce interfering byproducts
Derivatization is a technique used in chemistry which transforms a chemical compound into a product of similar chemical structure, called a derivative. Generally, a specific functional group of the compound participates in the derivatization reaction and transforms the educt to a derivate of deviating reactivity, solubility, boiling point, melting point, aggregate state, or chemical composition. Resulting new chemical properties can be used for quantification or separation of the educt. Derivatization techniques are frequently employed in chemical analysis of mixtures and in surface analysi.
LEAP Technologies provides fully automated sample processing workstation instrumentation solutions based on the LEAP CTC PAL X, Y, Z syringe only autosampler robot. This extremely flexible, precise, and adaptable liquid handling robotic platform is available in a variety of lengths and options depending on the requirements of your sample preparation and injections for your UHPLC, LC or GC chromatography. LEAP also offers process control systems and stand alone workstations. LEAP is an open, neutral resource for technical support of existing PAL. Keep your PAL in peak working order LEAP offers full support and service for the PAL platform with over 11 years of history with the PAL. LEAP can also write custom macros, cycles, and scheduling software for your specific applications. We're proud that LEAP is known as a productivity improver for laboratories including government labs in agencies such as FDA, USDA, EPA, FBI, Armed Forces, Homeland Security and others function more efficiently. Robotic sample prep equipment works well in government labs and challenges lab technicians to keep feeding those more samples. Analytical equipment such as chromatographs and mass spectrometers are expensive devices and also expensive to maintain. LEAP can help to keep them running and analyze samples around the clock. LEAP has most of its laboratory automation robots under GSAcontract and is eager to service and maintain everything it sells to keep your expensive lab equipment running around the clock. CTC Analytics Combi PAL and HTS PAL for Front-End Automation for LC and GC applications. LEAP offers customized on-site training. LEAP Is continuing to develop FAQ, Solutions, Tips & Techniques,a Learning Center with the LEAP Wiki for the benefit of all PAL Platform Robotic users. We will continue exceeding customer expectations for quality, cost effective and efficient results using the most current technology and expertise in our industry. Our aim is to be the ultimate knowledge base on everything related to the PAL. LEAP is known as the autosamplerguys being in business over twenty years. LEAP has extensive multi-vendor experience with integrating the PAL. HTX, HTS, HTC, HTX-xt, HTS-xt, HTC-xt, LC-Mini, Combi PAL,COMBI-xt PAL, and GC PAL models. We have the Quality, Training, Parts availability, Infrastructure, and Experience.LEAP is sometimes referred to as an Application Automation House who is continually adding new products and solutions to its Lab Automation line. As we do so we change the content of this web site so please check back.
Please contact LEAP Technologies on how we can help you get maximized throughput with flexible pipetting automation solutions whether it is our standard applications or customized to your needs. The Combi-xt PAL autosampler is able to perform liquid and headspace analysis. Headspace options include Solid Phase Micro-extraction (SPME) and ITEX-2 as alternative to purge and trap. The HTS-xt PAL autosampler dramatically increases sample throughput by offering automated sample prep, Peltier cooled and heated sample storage using the cooled stack, Peltier cooled and heated sample storage using the cooled stack and low carryover due to the self-cleaning DLW (Dynamic Load and Wash) module and L-Mark syringes, peltier cooled valves and columns. LEAP provides automation that fits your needs and reduces errors, increases sample capacity, increases efficiency, reduces cost by supplying long term productivity improvements with user friendly software and flexible hardware. LEAP performs just in time or on time sample prep and inject. LEAP offers full support of integrated and non-integrated PAL software with both sales and support for Cruise Control, Cycle Composer and Cycle Composer Macro Editor, Agilent ChemStation CTC Control, Mass Hunter and EZChrom CTC integration, Xcalibur, Waters Masslynx or Analyst CTC Control software, Thermo (Finnegan) XCalibur, LEAP Shell, and Chronos software. The PAL is more than just an autosampler, it is a high-quality and efficient laboratory robot platform that can be customized by LEAP Technologies to meet your specific needs.
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